How does this fact explain the existence of land breezes and sea breezes? What might happen if the burner was turned off? Name: Date: Student Exploration: Coastal Winds and Clouds Vocabulary: condensation, convection, convection current, land breeze, sea breeze Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo. )
The cause of this breeze, called a sea breeze, is related to the reason that a hot-air balloon is able to fly high in the sky. Pause the simulation whenever the balloon changes direction. D. What are the land- and ocean-air temperatures now? Activity B (continued from previous page) 5. Extend your thinking: With the probe placed on the land-sea boundary, monitor the wind speed. Which air pocket would you expect to cool down more at night?
D. M., in which direction did the breeze blow? C. At 3:00 P. M., where was the warmest air? Explain: What causes the counterclockwise flow of air in the afternoon? A hot-air balloon contains a propane burner that directs hot air into the interior of the balloon. What time is it now? Think about it: Imagine a pocket of air over the land ( land air), and another pocket of air over the ocean ( ocean air).
During what time period does the balloon drift in a counterclockwise direction? In which direction is the coldest air in the diagram moving? C. Click Play, and then click Pause when the strength of the land breeze is at a maximum. Finally, move the probe to the land-sea boundary and record the type of breeze (sea or land breeze) and wind speed. Record data for each time listed in the table below. Observe: Click Play, and observe the balloon for a period of 48 hours. Draw conclusions: In general, the land changes temperature much more rapidly than the ocean. Time Ocean air temperature ( C) Land air temperature ( C) Sea breeze or land breeze? Next, find the wind direction between the points on the diagram. Write these steps in the correct sequence and, for each step, explain why it is placed in that order. At what time of day is the sea breeze strongest? Turn on the Weather probe.
Click Play (), and watch the Gizmo for 24 simulated hours, focusing on the sailboat. Use the Weather probe to find and label the temperature at each of the numbered locations. Cut open plasmid with restriction enzyme Obtain synthesized protein from the bacteria Clone bacterial cells with rDNA plasmids Insert donor DNA into the open plasmid Cut out donor DNA with restriction enzyme Add ligase to bond donor DNA and plasmid. The following is a scrambled list of the techniques used in making recombinant DNA. Gather data: The diagram at right shows the scene at 6:00 A. Wind speed (km/h) 6:00 A. Gather data: Click Play, and then click Pause at 3:00 P. Find the wind direction between the points as you did before. Activity A: Temperature and wind Get the Gizmo ready: Click Reset (). What is true about each of these times?
Which points represent the lowest and highest temperatures on the diagram? What do you notice in the sky now? Use the Weather probe to measure the land-air and ocean-air temperatures. Question: How is wind speed and direction related to air temperature? B. Click Play, and then pause the simulation when the land breeze is strongest. Calculate: For both the ocean air temperature column and land air temperature column, find the temperature range by subtracting the lowest temperature from the highest. Click Play, and then click Pause when the sailboat starts moving out to sea again. Explain: Clouds often form when a large mass of warm, moist air rises quickly and cools, resulting in condensation of the water vapor. This pattern in which low-density, hot air rises while high-density, cold air sinks is an example of convection. Activity B: Convection currents Get the Gizmo ready: Click Reset. Based on this statement, why do clouds tend to form around 3:00 P. and 6:00 A. M.?
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