C. each business is sufficiently profitable to generate an attractive return on invested capital. Sometimes a company acquires businesses that, down the road, just do not work out as expected even though management has tried all it can think of to make them profitable—mistakes cannot be completely avoided because it is hard to foresee how getting into a new line of business will actually work out. Diversification merits strong consideration whenever a single-business company portal. A. conditions in the target industry allow for profits and return on investment that is equal to or better than that of the company's present business(es). C. it is uneconomical for the firm to achieve economies of scope on its own initiative. PlayStations and video games, it is easier to sell consumers in that country Sony TVs, DVD players, home theater products, headphones, cameras, and tablets.
Step 3: Check for cross-business strategic fits. Weighted attractiveness scores are then calculated by multiplying the industry's rating on each measure by the corresponding weight. E. have a quantitative basis for rating them from strongest to weakest in terms of contributing to the corporate parent's profitability. Unrelated diversification strategies surrender the competitive advantage potential of strategic fit in return for such advantages as (1) spreading business risk over a variety of industries and (2) providing opportunities for financial gain (if candidate acquisitions have undervalued assets, are bargain-priced and have good upside potential given the right management, or need the backing of a financially strong parent to capitalize on attractive opportunities). In actual practice, however, there's no convincing evidence that the consolidated profits of firms with unrelated diversification strategies are more stable or less subject to reversal in periods of recession and economic stress than the profits of firms with related diversification strategies. Analyzing the attractiveness of a company's diversification strategy is a six-step process: Step 1. Across its present businesses? N Broadening the company's business scope by making new acquisitions in new industries. Diversification merits strong consideration whenever a single-business company nyse. But there are successful diversified companies also. Of cross-business value chain. 6 billion was used to fund additions to property and equipment and $12. Does the company have adequate financial strength to fund its different businesses, pursue growth via new acquisitions, and maintain a healthy credit rating?
C. It offers significant opportunities to strongly differentiate a company's product offerings from those of rivals. The locations of the different businesses in the nine-cell industry attractiveness–competitive strength matrix provide a solid basis for identifying high-opportunity businesses and low-opportunity businesses.
Is there any evidence indicating that any of the company's business units are resource deficient—either because certain needed resources and/or capabilities cannot be transferred in or shared with sister businesses or because the missing resources and/or capabilities cannot be supplied by the corporate parent? Johnson & Johnson has used acquisitions to diversify far beyond its well-known Band-Aid and baby care businesses to become a major player in pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and medical diagnostics. Diversification merits strong consideration whenever a single-business company 2. An airline firm acquiring a rent-a-car company. 00 Ability to match or beat rivals on key product attributes 0. Whether it will have a broad or narrow product offering.
In announcing the restructuring, Kraft's CEO said the two companies "will each benefit from standing on its own and focusing on its unique drivers for success…each will have the leadership, resources, and mandate to realize its full potential. 00 Weighted overall industry attractiveness scores 7. Sometimes divesting a business must be considered because market conditions in a once-attractive industry have badly deteriorated. Sticking with the Present Business Lineup The option of sticking with the current business lineup makes sense when the company's present businesses offer attractive growth opportunities that should boost earnings and contribute to greater shareholder value. A. Management Theory Review: Corporate Diversification Strategy - Theory - Review Notes. get into new businesses that are profitable. Four other instances that signal the for diversifying: When it can expand into industries whose.
But as the number of business units with scores below 5. Forming a joint venture with another company to enter the target industry. N A multinational diversification strategy provides opportunities for sister businesses to collaborate in developing and leveraging competitively valuable resources and capabilities. N Seasonal and cyclical factors. C. acquire new businesses having attractive distribution-related and customer-related strategic fits with existing businesses. The opportunity to convert cross-business strategic fits into competitive advantages over business rivals whose operations don't offer comparable strategic fit benefits. C. barrier to entry test, the competitive advantage test, and the stock price effect test.
50 Social, political, regulatory, and environmental factors 0. There are many companies that concentrated on a single business and achieved enviable business success over many decades - good examples include McDonald's, Southwest Airlines, Domino's Pizza, Wal-Mart, FedEx, Hershey, Timex, and Ford Motor Company. C. The target industry is growing rapidly and no good joint venture partners are available. 7 range have moderate competitive strength vis-à-vis rivals. In a one-business company, managers have to come up with a game plan for competing successfully in a single industry arena or a single line of business—the result is what was labeled as business strategy in Chapter 2. Do any of the company's individual businesses present financial challenges in contributing adequately to the company's financial performance and overall well-being? B. builds shareholder value. Are small and cannot afford to try.
Locating businesses with well-known brand names and large market shares. It is hard to justify diversifying into an industry where profit expectations are lower than in the company's present businesses. Some companies depend on new acquisitions to drive a major portion of their growth in revenues and earnings, and thus are always on the acquisition trail. In such cases, a corporate parent may "spin off" the unwanted business as a financially and managerially independent company, by selling shares to the investing public via an initial public offering or by distributing shares in the new company to the corporate parent's existing shareholders. C. pinpoints what strategies are most appropriate for businesses positioned in the three top cells of the matrix but is less clear about the best strategies for businesses positioned in the bottom six cells.
Retrenching to a narrower diversification base is usually undertaken when top management concludes its diversification strategy has ranged too far afield and the company can improve long-term performance by concentrating on building stronger positions in a smaller number of core businesses and industries. If Business B has a 15 percent market share and its largest rival has 30 percent, B's relative market share is 0. A second is the potential for transferring resources and capabilities from existing businesses to newly-acquired related or complementary businesses. Cash cows, though not always attractive from a growth standpoint, are valuable businesses from a financial resource perspective. Strong parenting capabilities can help build shareholder value in four important ways: n Utilize the business acumen of certain corporate executives in identifying undervalued or underperforming. The industry attractiveness test.
How to deliver unique value to buyers. Whether an industry is attractive depends chiefly on the presence of industry and competitive conditions conducive to earning as good or better profits and return on investment than the company is earning in its present business(es). Businesses are said to be unrelated when the activities that compose their respective value chains are so dissimilar that no competitively valuable cross-business relationships are present. The better-off test. B. the firm needs better access to economies of scope in order to be cost-competitive. B. better-off test, the competitive advantage test, and the profit expectations test. A. they are in different industries. 3 signal low attractiveness. Capabilities by expanding into businesses where these same resource strengths. C. entail selling off marginal businesses to free resources for redeployment to the remaining businesses.
While additional capital can usually be raised in financial markets if internal cash flows are deficient, it is still important for a diversified firm to have a healthy internal capital market adequate to support the financial requirements of its business lineup. A greeting card manufacturer deciding to open a chain of stores to retail its lines of greeting cards. Are the businesses the. Newell Rubbermaid (whose diverse product line includes Sharpie pens, Levolor window treatments, Goody hair accessories, Calphalon cookware, and Lenox power and hand tools—all businesses with different value chain activities) developed such a strong set of turnaround capabilities that the company was said to "Newellize" the businesses it acquired. Acquisition of an existing business is an attractive strategy option for entering a promising new industry because it. Wrigley's, a producer of chewing gum and candies and now a subsidiary of Mars, Inc., is said to be a consistent generator of surplus cash flows approaching 15 percent of revenues. 2 provides sample calculations of competitive strength ratings for three businesses. Whether the competitive strategies employed in each business act to reinforce the competitive power of the strategies employed in the company's other businesses. Indeed, in actual practice, the business make-up of diversified companies varies considerably. E. Shareholder value is not created by diversification unless it passes the "better off" or "1 + 1 = 3 test. C. discounts the importance of strategic fit and instead focuses on building and managing a group of businesses in attractive industries that can acquired on financial terms that allow for acceptable returns on investment. A. is useful for helping decide which businesses should have high, average, and low priorities in allocating corporate resources. C. shareholders will view the contemplated diversification move as attractive. Viewing a diversified group of businesses as a collection of cash flows and cash requirements (present and future) is a major step forward in understanding the financial ramifications of diversification and why having businesses with good financial fit is so important.
However, much of the data captured in the EDW does print out on the IMS Summary. The Eligibility Determination Worksheet is completed within the Child Find Process but does not print out as a form. Parent Failure/Refusal. Sometimes the results can be difficult to receive. The process should place an emphasis on providing the adult learner with information about disability, the evaluation process, special education supports, community supports, educational options, and self-determination so the individual can make an informed decision. Michigan Administrative Rules for Special Education (MARSE) has added an additional rule that includes a student/youth with a disability who has reached 18 years old, if a legal guardian has not been appointed by the court. Provision of special education and related services.
To be fully informed, you should ask the school what assessments and evaluations will be performed for your child's initial evaluation. Reevaluations of eligible individuals are required every three years, or sooner: - If the IEP team determines that the educational or related services needs, including improved academic achievement and functional performance, of the child warrant a reevaluation; or. What happens when the evaluations are done? Initial evaluations to determine an adult learner's eligibility for special education programs and services are the same as for younger students. The group must include someone qualified to interpret the evaluation results such as a school psychologist. During the reevaluation process, the child is assessed in all areas related to the disability. The school has 45 school days to conduct the evaluation after receiving your signed consent. Areas of Need: Based on the assessments administered, it is evident that Janina struggles in the areas of reading and spelling. The child has received high-quality instruction (general instruction & evidence-based supplemental instruction), and. Daytime telephone number. PROMPT: Describe the targeted or intensified instruction, curriculum, environmental changes provided to address this area of concern. The Evaluation Results Meeting will follow either an initial evaluation or a reevaluation. If the IEP team will be considering whether a child is no longer an eligible individual; or. The initial or first evaluation determines whether a child meets state criteria for eligibility, and as a result, qualifies for special education and related services.
Janina obtained a standard score of 75 and a percentile rank of 5, which fall within the borderline range as compared with the norming group (1999) on this subtest. During her evaluation, Janina also shared information about her reading preferences inside and outside of the classroom. Date of Testing: October 25 & 26 and November 1 & 2, 2011. However, it is important to note that Janina incorporated other ideas into her retelling, such as "I think the last people weren't scared of the mouse" and "they liked the mouse, " which are examples of inferences. Special education supports and services are written into a yearly plan called the Individualized Education Program (IEP). Standardized Assessments: - Woodcock-Johnson Test of Achievement (WJ-III, Form A). This letter serves as my request and consent for a multi-factored evaluation of my child. You have the opportunity to participate in any meetings with your school for the purposes of determining if your child is eligible for special education, evaluation, where your child will receive services, and the provision of an appropriate education to your child. Other reason (specify) …[open textfield]. PROMPT: Curriculum (i. content of instruction, specific skills, and concepts the individual needs to learn).
In addressing progress, the team considers data that have been collected about the individual's performance over time in relation to the interventions that have been provided. This request should be in writing and should include your consent for evaluation. A student does not have to fail to be eligible for special education. Under Texas law, a "school day" does not include any day after the last instructional day of the spring semester and before the first instructional day of the subsequent fall semester. In her reading of the story, Janina only made 14 miscues, which mostly comprised of word substitutions and mispronunciations. Document the team's conclusion. Diagnoses from a mental or medical health professional will often meet the criteria for an IDEA condition but do not check "yes" on the basis of a diagnosed condition, alone.
PROMPT: A signed Consent for Initial Evaluation form was not received. The evaluation team must determine whether your child meets the eligibility criteria for special education. Reason for Referral. The subject is provided with a pencil and protocol and is required to record responses in a traditional worksheet format. Some children have difficulty learning. Could this be added to the report? If the individual did not receive a group intervention, the question may be answered, "No other students received the same intervention. If your child continues to experience difficulty, your school district must begin the special education evaluation (or full individual and initial evaluation) process.
Pursue formal mediation and/or a due process hearing. AEA IEP DOCUMENTATION GUIDE: EVALUATION FORMS. Child Find: Initial Evaluation for Special Education. Janina was tested in the kindergarten-3rd grade learning center at the Washington-Mann School on four distinct occasions ranging from 20 to 60 minutes each. "Discernible" means that the effects of the diagnosed condition are noticeable and may impede educational progress or performance, or may impede participation in or access to educational settings and opportunities. This information will be used to determine whether your child is likely to be eligible for special education and what teaching methods work well for your child.
Date of Classroom Observation: November 8, 2011. Parents like to think positively about their children, what they are good at and interested in, and how they are making progress. Before a child can receive services, a full initial evaluation must be conducted. Based on evidence from the analysis of the Progress and Discrepancy components of the evaluation, the functional implications of the individual's performance, as well as other educationally relevant information, describe the individual's needs in the following areas. Moreover, Janina needs to have more opportunities to read books at her instructional and independent level in school and at home so that she practices the reading strategies that she has learned. Sample Request for a Special Education Evaluation. The letter should be sent in a way that you will have proof of its receipt by the district, for example, sending it by certified mail, or via email. In establishing the initial evaluation process, districts have flexibility as they adapt to the unique needs of adults.
DOCUMENT: Check the domains to be included in the Full and Individual Initial Evaluation (FIIE) as identified on the Consent for FIIE. The condition has a discernible effect on educational performance? Your request for special testing and a special education evaluation should be in writing. What Happens if the School Agrees to Evaluate? If your child is already in school, send a copy of this letter to your child's teacher and the building principal.
You may take notes on the report and participate in the discussion. If the school decides not to evaluate, you may challenge the school's decision. Michigan Administrative Rules for Special Education does not require that parents sign the IEP, except for the first one (called "initial"). A good way to think about it is: It is important that I focus on my child's areas of need. DOCUMENT: Provide a brief description of whether or not the concerns are primarily caused by any of the following factors: - Limited English proficiency. Ultimately, the cognitive load that she devotes to decoding words correctly and rapidly prevents her from accessing the main ideas and supporting details in the text. She did not require any significant accommodations or utilize assistive technologies during testing. The QRI guidelines suggest that Janina's reading rate of 72 WPM for the 250-word passage was equivalent to a 1st grade reading rate. What does "average" mean? When considering eligibility for a student who has challenging behaviors, questions often arise regarding the presence of a social maladjustment or characteristics of a social maladjustment. While you can submit your special education evaluation request to the school personnel familiar with your child, you should also address the request to your school district's director of special education or a district administrative employee.
When she completed the Elementary Reading Attitude Survey, an informal reading interest inventory, Janina indicated that she feels "very happy" when going to a book store, "slightly happy" when she spends free time reading a book, but "very upset" when she reads out loud in class. PROMPT: This individual's rate of progress. PROMPT: Ind ividuals Contributing to this Evaluation. PROMPT: Individual's strengths. The evaluation must provide evidence as to whether or not the individual's performance is persistently below the educational standard(s), or age or grade level expectation(s). We have tried the following to help (child's name): (If you or the school have done anything extra to help your child, briefly state it here).
This may be because that area of need was not identified in an evaluation. If the student meets emotional impairment criteria, any perceived evidence of social maladjustment does not impact the eligibility determination. Although Janina decoded the words with ease, she struggled with reading the passage in a fluent manner. To add, Janina's limited fluency impairs her reading comprehension skills.